Tramadol Hydrochloride (HCL) is used to alleviate appease to moderately severe
pain. It also may be used to deal with pain caused by treatment of diseases and
injuries by medical operation and chronic conditions such as cancer or joint
pain. Tramadol works by diminishing the brain\'s sense and response to pain. It
also reduces the size or significance of the pain signal passed from one nerve
to another. Tramadol is occasionally
prescribed for other uses. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more
information.
How Tramadol Pills Taken
Tramadol comes as a tablet (Pills) to take it orally. It usually is taken every
4-6 hours as needed. It may be taken with or without food. Follow the directions
on the prescription label carefully, and ask doctor or pharmacist to explain any
part you not understand. Buy Tramadol exactly as directed. Tramadol can be
habit-forming. Don't Order a larger Tramadol dose
take it more often, or for a longer period than your doctor tells you to.
Metabolism
Tramadol undergoes hepatic metabolism via the cytochrome P450
isozyme CYP2D6, being O- and N-demethylated to 5 different
metabolites. Of these, M1 is the most significant since it has 200 times the
affinity of (+)-Tramadol, and furthermore has an elimination half-life of
9 hours compared to 6 hours for Tramadol itself. In the 6% of the population
who have slow CYP2D6 activity, there is therefore a slightly reduced
analgesic effect. Phase II hepatic metabolism renders the metabolites
water-soluble and they are renally excreted. Thus reduced doses may be used
in renal and hepatic impairment.
Missed Dose Tramadol
purchase the missed dose as soon as you remember it. However, if it is almost
time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue the regular dosing
schedule. Don't Order a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Tramadol Hydrochloride
Precautions
Don't exceed the recommended dose or
for longer than prescribed. If you experience difficulty breathing or
tightness of chest; swelling of eyelids, face, or lips; or develop a
rash or hives, tell the doctor immediately. Do not Buy any more Tramadol
unless the doctor tells you to do so. Avoid alcohol while you are using
this remedy. Tramadol will add
to the effects of alcohol and other depressants. Don't drive,
operate machinery, or do anything else that could be dangerous until you
know how you react to this cure. Using Ultram alone, with other
medicines, or with alcohol may lessen the ability to drive or to perform
other potentially dangerous tasks. Before you begin taking any new
medicine, either prescription or over-the-counter, check with the doctor
or pharmacist. For women: if you plan on becoming pregnant, discuss with
the doctor the benefits and risks of using Ultram during pregnancy.
Tramadol is excreted in breast milk. Don't breast-feed while taking
Tramadol.
Storage Tramadol Hydrochloride
Dispense in a tight container. Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15
- 30°C (59 - 86°F).
Tramadol Mechanism of action
The mechanism of action of Tramadol has yet to be fully
elucidated, but it is believed to work through modulation of the GABAergic,
noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. The contribution of non-opioid
activity is demonstrated by the analgesic effects of tramadol not being
fully antagonised by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone.
Tramadol is marketed as a
racemic mixture with a weak affinity for the opioid
receptor (approximately 1/6000th that of
morphine). The enantiomer
is approximately four times more potent than the (-)-enantiomer
in terms of opioid receptor affinity and 5-HT reuptake, whereas the
(-)-enantiomer is responsible for noradrenaline reuptake effects (Shipton,
2000). These actions appear to produce a synergistic analgesic effect, with
(+)-tramadol exhibiting 10-fold higher analgesic activity than (-)-tramadol
(Goeringer et al., 1997).
The serotonergic modulating properties of tramadol mean that it
has the potential to interact with other serotonergic agents. There is an
increased risk of serotonin syndrome when tramadol is taken in combination
with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (e.g. SSRIs), since these agents not only potentiate the effect of
5-HT but also inhibit tramadol's metabolism.
It is suggested that Tramadol could be effective for alleviating
symptoms of depression and anxiety because of its action on GABAergic,
noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. However, use of the drug for
treatment of such disorders by a health professional is unlikely.
Adverse effects
The most commonly reported
adverse drug reactions are nausea, vomiting and sweating.
Drowsiness is reported, although it is less of an issue compared to other
opioids. Respiratory depression, a common side effect of most opioids, is
not clinically significant in normal doses. By itself, it does not increase
the seizure threshold, though it may do if used in combination with SSRIs,
tricyclic antidepressants, or in patients with epilepsy.
Side Effects of Tramadol
Although Tramadol side effects
are not common, they can occur.
The most frequently reported events were in the central nervous system
(Migraine, Speech disorders) and gastrointestinal system (Gastrointestinal
bleeding, Hepatitis, Stomatitis, Liver failure). Tell your doctor if any of
these symptoms are severe or do not go away: dizziness, headache, drowsiness,
blurred vision, upset stomach, vomiting, and diarrhea. If you experience any of
the following symptoms, call the doctor immediately: fast heartbeat, redness,
swelling, and itching of the face, numbness or tingling of the hands and feet,
difficulty breathing, changes in urination, seizures.
Tramadol Overdose
If overdose is suspected, contact the local poison control center or
emergency room immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include cold and
clammy skin, low body temperature, slowed breathing, slowed heartbeat,
drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, seizures, deep sleep, and loss
of consciousness.
More Tramadol HCL Information
Do not drink alcohol while buying Tramadol. Alcohol may cause a dangerous
decrease in breathing and/ or liver problems when used during treatment with
Tramadol. Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other
hazardous activities. Tramadol may cause dizziness or drowsiness. If you
experience dizziness or drowsiness, avoid these activities. Avoid sleeping
pills, tranquilizers, sedatives, and antihistamines except under the supervision
of your doctor. These drugs may increase drowsiness caused by Tramadol.
Tramadol Hydrochloride Disclaimer
This Med information is for your information purposes only, it is not intended
that this information covers all uses, directions, drug interactions,
precautions, or adverse effects of your medication. This is only general
information, and should not be relied on for any purpose. It should not be
construed as containing specific instructions for any particular patient. We
disclaim all responsibility for the accuracy and reliability of this
information, and/or any consequences arising from the use of this information,
including damage or adverse consequences to persons or property, however such
damages or consequences arise. No warranty, either expressed or implied, is made
in regards to this information.
